Post # 7, Conduct of Engagements, rule # 1, the second time

Update; 06/12/12 this post is a repeat and well not be updated. 

Tuesday, May 14, 2013

Conduct of Engagements, basic rule # 1

AHOY,




This Marine aka Newjarheaddean  is now posting a series of post for each section of this Marine's "Fragmented Fighting Facts". This one covers the  "Conduct of Engagements". There well be a post for each "Basic Rule" and or other knowledge in this section such as "Over all tips" etc. This is the case with all the series of posts covering the other sections i.e. "Planning", "Defense" and "Preparations and Conduct of Patrols". The Preface and other initial material and knowledge preceding the bulk of the Fragmented Fighting Facts I feel is very important for all "sheephooders" to understand. Thus I well include it with each maiden post of each section. If you have read this information before at least note I have mentioned that I well be addressing this so called  "remaking of the Corps" under Sec. of the Navy James Webb and CMC Alfred Gray, in another series of post titled "Washing the Corps for burial".
 Two view a "post" or "page" of a complete version of the “Fragmented Fighting Facts” aka Tri-F see, "Tri-F in progress" post posted November 13, 2010. Or "Fragmented Fighting Facts 2012", “page” posted in 2012. Or "Fragmented Fighting Facts 2013", “page” posted in 2013. This last version is not a full version, it does not contain the “Conduct of Engagements” section, which was posted separately in its own “page” under the title “Conduct of Engagements 2013”. AlSO BE AWARE THAT THESE VERSIONS WELL NO LONGER BE "UPDATED".

Preface

The “Color code”; Pink highlighted material indicates that the material is questionable factually or needs to be defined i.e. explained or studied more by me. This could be a math formula, which I do not have the mathematical knowledge to confirm. It could also be material that imo, has been passed off as factual i.e. an “official revealed fact” that I am not buying. Or, it could be a personal note i.e. a reminder etc. for me. And lastly it could be a question I am seeking an answer to. Yellow is location undecided and or unedited material. This is material that has, just been pasted into Tri-F without me reading it in full to determine what material to keep or not. Green means a change has been made i.e. an “Update” added material in at least its semi permanent place, lol, green will also be used for “Reference” entries i.e. notes, suggesting farther reading of related material within Tri-F. These “Reference” entries are located after the material in question i.e. after locating a “Reference” entry; one would look back, reading the previous material to locate the material the “Reference” entry is referring, you too. Farther more this material you are being referred to, could be a single sentence or involve pages of Knowledge. Most importantly though, by using green high-light to mark any updates, “Patriots” (my word for viewers of my blog) can stay current without having to read Tri-F in its entirety. Redis material I find of particular importance.

So, this is my collection of combat notes. One might call it this Marine’s anthology of combat tactics, techniques, methods and skills. The “Christian Right Wing Conservatives” might choose to call it my “Manifesto”. The note taking began about thirty-three years ago with my observation of 10 rules listed with in a book covering the French and Indian wars, entitled “Roger’s Rangers”. This preceded numerous sources including approximately one hundred books and about a dozen field manuals, of which a few were of the WWII era. These were found at libraries, half price bookstores and garage sales. Since going on line in 2007, I have located knowledge I feel is worthy of being included in Tri-F at web sites such as “Bayonet strength” (BS), “Defense and National Interest” (DNI), note; this site no longer exists on the web i.e. it was supposedly sold and incorporated into another site.  “Global security” (GS), “Strategy page” (SP), “Combat lessons” (CL), “Wikipedia”(W)., “how stuff works” (HSW), “PBS” (PBS), and “Sniper Flashcards” (SF).

To identify the origins of material, I am in the process of placing the color coded letters you see above in parenthesis, at the beginning of sentences containing the material in question.

(For example; (SP) 1/31/09 under “information warfare”; titled  “the American standard”; Right now, all the sensors (vidcams, radars, IR) capture data at different resolutions and speeds. The new TCDL (Tactical Common Data Link) makes this sharing possible by translating all the formats to a standard data stream. Currently, the army can share UAV and helicopter videos with ground troops, and some air force video can be used by soldiers equipped with special equipment.)

Previously referred to as K.O.O.L.N. (acronym definition, top secret) I have now titled my work “Fragmented Fighting Facts” or “Tri-F”; the name derives from the computer grammar function always alerting me to the fragmented nature of my sentences. This is due to the “just the facts, ma’am” manor, the material is written in, i.e. there has been little if any effort to write in whole sentences or provide context. This is not to say there is no order with Tri-F, in fact there is a theme. I have laid out the information as one might expect a commander or members of a unit to recall it, thus utilizing it, to conduct a mission.

The fallowing down to "POWs" pertains only to one of the full versions of Tri-F. 

We start with “Planning”, followed by the section on “Defense”, then there’s “Preparations and conduct of patrols” or PCP, and we end with “Conduct of Engagements”or COE, i.e. “Engagements”, being my word for shootouts. Each section of Tri-F consists of “basic” numbered “rules”, followed by detailed notes that either, relate to, explain, or give examples pertaining to the “basic rules”. As with the general format of Tri-F, I have laid out each section’s “basic rules”, as one might need to recall them. This is most obvious in the last section “COE” starting with “basic rule” number one, “Flash report”, i.e. actions to take upon first contact with the enemy. This sections last “basic rule” deals with handling POWs. 

Keep in mind, this is a work in progress; I’m constantly discovering new information to add, which in turn still at times requires adding or rearranging things. At the same time, interestingly enough to me, I have not needed to rearrange my original order of the “basic rules” for quite some time. There are however, two instances where the detailed information fallowing a pair of “basic rules” became so similar, I decided to combine the pair into one “basic rule”. These two occurrences are noted in footnotes, highlighted in Pink.

“NOW”! Out of all the information contained within Tri-F, only an estimated 1% was taught to this Marine, while I was in training or while on active duty, in the U.S.M.C. Moreover, to put a fine point on it, it’s worth noting, I served in Charlie Company, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division, i.e. an Infantry unit. Before my discharge (after only a two year cruse), I attended “Jungle Warfare School” in the northern training area of Okinawa (for two weeks), “Mountain Warfare School” in Korea (for one week) and “Combat Town” at Camp Pendleton for MOUT training (for one day). I did not take part in any exercises I would consider amphibious training; we did ride around in AAVs once at Camp Pendleton. Nor did I ever go to Twenty Nine Palms for “Desert Warfare” training. All in all I would say the only things I missed out on were a beach landing (at Coronado I believe) and a little sun burn, due to the fact that those twenty nine palms, I was told in the early eighties were all located at the front gate of that base. Needless to say, the training did not impress me, and I now know it was not going to get any better as some suggested to me at the time, and still others later, claimed that I should have just stayed in longer.

With my position on the lack of combat training, I do wish to make it perfectly clear that I do support the women and men serving in the U.S. armed forces. I also believe them to be as brave as any people on earth. My concern is in the way they are being sacrificed. And I well address this whole so called “remaking of today’s Corps” by Secretary of the Navy James Webb and CMC General Alfred Gray, in my series of post titled “Washing the Corps for burial”. I want people to understand my experience and IMO a lot of evidence suggest Uncle Sam intends to use his infantry in ways that dose not include training any generation in the art of traditional Guerilla combat tactics i.e. as a Commando would be. I am not talking about SWAT team close quarter tactics, like the Stick dynamic entry. That tactic should be called the “cluster f**k”. Just call that sort of tactic what it is, NYPD (Cops T.V. show bad-boys, bad-boys) in Afghanistan. The problem is that that tactic was developed by police departments to deal with an objective occupied by drugged up party animals, i.e. untrained civilians. The police never use it in a spur of the minute situation. They use it when the house has been under constant surveillance for mouths in some cases and the police know all manner of information about everyone in the house and the structure and neighborhood in general. The cops choose a time when everyone is pasted out from partying the night before and have long lost any weapons (between the cushions or under the bed) they might have had on them as show pieces during the party. The primary reason for the large numbers of police in close proximity is to make sure the gang does not think the raid is a rival gang “brake in” and thus resist in any way. There is lots of yelling too, thus reinforcing the message that no one is trying to be covert like one would be to get away with a crime. And the troops are even yelling, Go, Go, Go, Go, etc. as they entry.

This brings up an intriguing observation of mine; that being that by the book an assault should be made from the top down, yet the troops in Afghanistan and elsewhere use the Stick dynamic entry and usually enter from the front door, like a SWAT team, however resent high profile raids show the SWAT teams or Assault teams, attacking from the top down. Examples you may recall are the raids on the “Shinning Path” group in Peru in 2000 and the Mumbai raid by Indian forces on the Jewish center in 2008. IMO this proves the existence of what I’ll refer to as a “need to know” training policy by various governments, the purpose being to limit the number of true Commandos that could become tomorrow’s rebels, apposing corrupt governments. One last thing about the Stick, IMO every single time the regular forces units conducting one of these foolish Stick dynamic entries comes under fire i.e. runs into resistance, the Stick brakes i.e. the whole unit evacuates and awaits some kind of support from tanks, guns, tubes, other crew served weapons or air. Bottom line IMO the Stick is used as a probing tactic and is meant to be a moral boosting show peace tactic to make the unit feel as if it has taken a hill, which was nothing more than another empty building, that IMO Intel suggested, was the case before the entry was ordered. Recalling the police policy of long periods of surveillance prior to raids.        

It also seems to me that in light of the old saying “you can fight a war with bombs and blockades but only boots on the ground can win it” (that IMO, Uncle Sam has now revised, as fallows) “you can win a war with bombs and blockades, but only the infantry can end the war”, farther more IMO Uncle Sam has gone one more step and decided to use private security companies and local i.e. indigenous people for the infantry role. All this fear of true commandos is all similar to the Mujahideen not being allowed by various governments to return to their homelands after fighting the Soviets. And as for the U.S. and other Western nations, training foreigners to fight a counter insurgency goes. IMO this training includes nothing more than police procedures i.e. conducting investigations, forensics, searching individuals and buildings to collect evidence and yes serving warrants with the all mighty stick tactic. And of course, lots of “new innovative techniques and tactics” involving CAS and IMO (Old) so called high tech equipment the U.S. Military Industrial Congressional Complex (MICC) wants to clear out of the warehouses.   

All in all IMO Uncle Sam has chosen to put just about all his eggs in one advanced technology system, dominated by machines, think Star Wars Storm Troopers or Matrix i.e. the Operator or Morpheus trying to guide Neo and others to safety. IMO it looks something like this; (x) unit go to (x) address, kick in front door, use stairs to your right, go south down hallway to (x) door, it is unlocked, interning room go to (x) window looking out window to the north you will see your target running though the neighbors garden. All this information provided by a fleet of satellites as well as Near space assets that are never mentioned by the media as current military assets and of course there’s the robots, UAVs and a flood of other covertly deployed sensors as well as covert eves dropping of any civilian electronic devices in the Area of operations. Thus in light of these and similar so called “new innovative, techniques and tactics” (notice the media and governments choice of words as if we’re talking Commando tactics i.e. why not use some new high tech terms the system is so eager to introduce us all to normally as a matter of routine), IMO Uncle Sam has placed the traditional Guerrilla combat tactics, on the back burner and is hoping they all go the way of other “Black arts”. This is not just true of the infantry; let us take a peek at aerial combat. Does anyone out there actually think today’s U.S. pilots are turning and burning, pulling high (G) maneuvers, trying to hit the entry windows and get inside the bandits turn. Think any pilot has conducted a yo-yo or split S maneuver lately or made the choice between a single or two-circle fight. Now days its all about stealth, ECM and missiles, mostly BVR. IMO this is why the U.S. Navy is no longer concerned with not having a front line fighter equal to the USAF F-22 Raptor. An article I recently read on “Strategy page” mentioned a lot of talk about a Navy F/A-18E at an air show, displaying a little F-22 silhouette decal i.e. a simulated Kill credit symbol/icon. IMO the F/A- 18E did not out maneuver and gun down that kill. The truth is U.S. forces could equip just about any commercial aircraft on the market  with all the latest western high tech sensors and weapons systems and out fight any other air force’s aircraft on earth.

And then everyone knows that just about all now and IMO soon all weapons systems including the bayonet well have a chip in it.  

So if the electronics ever fail (maybe due to a shift in the axis of earth’s electromagnetic field, passed a certain point or perhaps a record size solar flare) IMO it well be the masters of the age-old Guerrilla combat tactics i.e. Tri-F “Basic rules” that survive, keeping in mind “NO ONE WINS”.

I also wish, that those who join the various services where told all this up front i.e. “we do not intend to train you as a traditional Commando”.

Another thing I would like everyone to consider is that; what makes a Marine special is not the training she or he receives, no it’s the steel the youth demonstrates when they choose to join the Marines. Even when compared to the Special Forces, who IMO are only specialists in their particular fields, once again mostly high tech specialties and whose ranks are filled with older personnel that have already been serving and have graduated from a boot camp i.e. are aware and have adjusted to all the hoop and hype hurry up and wait pressure tactics. And who are then usually chosen i.e. coached into changing their MOS. I am aware of the change in recruitment policy after 2001, allowing for direct entry into the S.F. community. IMO a rarity that would be based on I.Q. for some high tech MOS, in just about every case. And, IMO it is still not the same as just choosing to go to a Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego Ca. or MCRD Paris Island, S. C. from the start.  

Furthermore, to those who just well not accept the truth about the lack of training along the lines of traditional Guerrilla combat tactics. I can now say that I have exchanged comments with a number of Iraqi and Afghanistan combat vets. These comments can be found on the internet if you Google up my call sign, “Newjarheaddean” also spelled with one (D). IMO it is obvious that the tactics I speak of are news to the vets, some have made commits that proves in combat they were just winging it. And no, I don’t believe that all the vets are observing some kind of “code of silence” on these tactics including the vets who are against the wars.Unless everyone wants to say that YouTube and other internet companies are conspiring to edit all combat footage that shows these tactics being used and that, the vets are staging other videos that show them (albeit with great bravery) as armatures without a clue and winging it. If anyone ever sees video, showing the tactics listed in Tri-F being used, be sure and provide a link with your comment. I once saw a flash of film on CNN showing combat in Lebanon during the 1980s that showed some of these tactics being used by a Guerrilla fighter. Along those lines, I well also say, I do believe that UAV footage is edited by the Pentagon to keep the public from seeing the few but well trained Taliban and other Guerrilla fighters that are using these tactics. Alternatively, maybe people think our professional highly trained well-equipped military is unable to defeat 10 – 20 thousand religious extremist amateur thugs in almost a decade of fighting. All the while killing at least by some estimates 100 a mouth, including dozens of top commanders.

   

Let me also say, on the numbers of U.S. PTSD casualties, i.e. IMO, WIA, (And IMO deserving of a Purple Heart). The Government portrays these cases as a result of fighting a war that is “unlike any other war we have fought before” (LOL). Facing an enemy that is fighting in some mysterious and or cowardly manor that simply cannot be countered by military means. I believe the high numbers of PTSD are a result of US forces fighting in a manner that is suicidal i.e. pointless and counterproductive to the real world situation. (Example; you have a young brave American ready to fight for the nation, while on one of these IMO “Russian roulette parades” someone shoots at the unit from some building, everyone scrambles for cover, as some spray and pray, then after determining the location using SWATS (Soldier Worn Acoustic Targeting Systems) sniper detectors, or one of the many similar vehicle mounted systems the commander calls in some sort of CAS. If someone’s brains have been blow out especially if it was an officer or the location of the attacker is vague, a real “crowd pleaser” maybe used i.e. 2000 pounder.) IMO this is how 90% of engagements (fought by regular infantry units) are resolved. Special Forces are now and in the feature more and more regular infantry well be using the Matrix style system. And to those that think the former example is the exception I say show me the number of WIA or KIA (On either side) by small arms fire i.e. during traditional firefights. Even if one includes (the “official revealed facts” always do) so called, “sniper fire” (which is mostly thugs taking pop shots) those figures are really low. So IMO after witnessing all the carnage and innocent civilian life being lost and receiving all those looks from the witnesses, it is the American that realizes it is his unit that is not fighting right. This is reinforced and really sinks in back in the states when the vet is asked to tell the “Commando” stories that never occurred and thus the vet must tell the truth i.e. give up the Commando reputation, keep it all inside or start lying. If the first option is chosen that unveiling reality is demoralizing and makes it all not worth it. If either one of the other choices are made IMO the vet becomes the ticking bomb. And I can tell you all that many times, I have recalled being told once that “when you go home keep your mouth shut about the things we did. If you don’t you well be thought of as a liar or crazy and either which way your life well be over”. That First Sergeant was right, but like my daddy use to say, “He’s right but he does not know why he’s right” i.e. IMO the First Sgt. thought of what we did in terms of remarkable heroic feats. However, IMO certainly since the beginning of the Vietnam era, it is the lack of training i.e. the manner in which our service women and men are fighting that keeps this tragedy going.  

I would also suggest the vets of today are just like I was 35 or so years ago in the sense that they know there training is lacking, however, they just cannot explain what’s missing. Well I now know the tactics they and I should have been trained in and I can now say, “The PFC that told the Corp it was “out of step”, now has provided the proof”. What surprises me is that most vets it seems don’t care at all about the tactics I speak of and seem to view me as an unpatriotic “party pooper” lol, when I’m just a U.S. Marine trying to improve the Corps and save lives. Bottom line IMO the infantry needs to consist of unmarried i.e. undistracted,NO CHILDREN, dedicated true professionals, trained in the tactics listed in Tri-F and many more I am sure exist. It seems here, I have found some logic on this “Sniper Flashcards” site discussing desertion, which supports my opinion. (SF) Men desert to save their wives and children, not themselves. The principle advantage of the invaders is that their families are safe. Never pad troop numbers with married men; have them dig bunkers. Recruit only unmarried men and women to be civilian snipers. Women make better snipers than men because they posture less. Newjarheaddean i.e. (NJD), IMO the main reason men feel such pressure to get married, is the immature fear of being accused of being gay if not married by say 25 years of age. However the “free sex” orgy style of life evolving in the last ten to twenty years is making this last suggestion of mine obsolete.

And to those that say “chivalry is for the museums” I say “first we must have peace on earth”.

In light of all this, I do encourage every Marine and any Warfighter i.e. Commando types to read and study this Knowledge  discussing and sharing it with others and me, thus making the most of it and forming your own conclusions. Above all, keep training and studying aside from the “new innovative techniques and tactics” taught by Uncle Sam, this can only save lives. And Remember IMO it’s not just what you know, it’s how competent you are andultimately who is in the right that determines the victor. If nothing else IMO you well understand much more about how Uncle Sam’s enemies are fighting. And if the Matrix crashes (lol) or for any reason you find yourself up close and personal with those Bad-actors you well have a fighting chance.

This is general information I have found on various sites, to support my Matrix theory; some info has been edited and or rearranged. Most of it was obtained from the web site “how stuff works”(HSW).

Future warrior system;

It’s the "borg" effect. Everything is a sensor, fixed wing, rotor wing, UAV, ground vehicle, robotic platform and individuals. You can send or take data, video or audio from it.

Uniform provides superhuman strength. The fabric is filled with nanomachines that mimic the action of human muscles, flexing open and shut when stimulated by an electrical pulse. These nanomachines will create lift the way muscles do. Limits are the bone strength. NJD, my SWAG is about 300 lbs.

"It makes the soldier become a weapons platform or "F-16 on legs."

The “Exoskeleton” will merge structure, power, control, actuation and biomechanics. Here are some of the challenges:

Structural materials - have to be made of strong, lightweight and flexible materials.

Power source – last at least 24 hours.

Control - must be seamless. Users must be able to function normally move smoothly with system engaged.

Actuation - must be quiet and efficient.

Powering the suit is a 2- to 20-watt micro turbine generator fueled by a liquid hydrocarbon. A plug-in cartridge containing 10 ounces of fuel last up to 6 days. Battery patches embedded in the helmet provide three hours of back-up power.

(SP) Infantry, Bullet Proof Batteries; March 3, 2009: A defense contractor has come up with a clever idea for solving the problem of infantry having to haul around so many batteries. While the ultimate solution is fuel cells, an interim solution is a modified E-SAPI ballistic plate with a 10mm thick lithium ion battery fitted onto it as an additional layer. The bulletproof plate is normally 25x30cm (10x12 inches) and 2.5cm (1inch) thick. Actually, there are four of these flat batteries on each plate. A special vest contains attachments for the various equipment batteries you need to recharge, or a direct connection to some equipment. The E-SAPI plates normally weigh about 5 lbs, adding the panels adds about a lb. Overall; you carry about 10% less weight and more comfortably. The powered plates will be available for sale by the end of the year (from BAE), and two of them are supposed to supply enough juice for a typical 72 hour mission.

The helmet has 360-degree situational awareness and voice amplification. GPS, radio with wide and local area network connections. With onboard computers, soldiers will be aware of their own bodies and the action around them, communication between soldiers, will use sensors that measure vibrations of the cranial cavity, eliminating the need for an external microphone. This bone-conduction technology allows communication with one another, and controls the menus visible through the drop-down eyepiece i.e. a voice activated HUD system. The sound system will allow you to know where that sniper or mortar round came from, detect other soldiers out to a couple of kilometers, i.e. focus and amplify particular sounds while canceling out noises at a certain decibel so preventing damage to ears.

The interface will be similar to Play station 2/xbox due to service personals familiarity to these systems.

(SP) 1/31/09 under information warfare/the American standard; Right now, all the sensors (vidcams, radars, IR) capture data at different resolutions and speeds. The new TCDL (Tactical Common Data Link) makes this sharing possible by translating all the formats to a standard data stream. Currently, the army can share UAV and helicopter videos with ground troops, and some air force video can be used by soldiers equipped with special equipment.

U.S. Army currently employs Blue Force Tracker (BFT). The system provides commanders and other units real-time picture of AO tracking unit movements etc. U.S.M.C. used BFT, although they initially opted for a more portable and rugged system called the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System, or "ePLRS." Both give real-time tracking. The downside to both systems, however, is they are bulky, old and require computer operators who should be on patrol.

SP October 18, 2008: U.S. Army is building a new version of its "BFT" (for vehicles on the battlefield).  During the 2003 invasion of Iraq, (BFT, GPS/satellite telephone devices) were hastily placed in thousands of vehicles. Anyone with a laptop, satellite data receiver, the right software and access codes could then see where everyone was (via a map showing blips for each BFT user). Currently the army and Marines have 55,000 BFTs (and far fewer laptops equipped to display BFT data) and plans to get at least as many of the BFT2 units, and perhaps as many as 120,000. BFT2 is expected to start shipping in two years. There are already eight BFT2 prototypes undergoing testing.

Panzeric on (SP) posted; ok I think I can give you guys some much needed answers on this matter. I am the digital master trainer on the fbcb2/bft a.k.a. blue force tracker for my battalion and one of the 30 in my brigade that has the master certification. Not bad for an 11b eh. Anyways BFT for the most part is not a laptop system. And it cost a lot more than $1500 stated in the article per system. Each vehicle system cost 40k and even the laptop models cost more than the $1500 stated. As far as my brigade goes each battalion will get two laptop BFT systems and they stay in the battalion TOC. One is unclassified while the second is classified. Everyone else gets the vehicle mounted system. If you're a company commander then you get a route planning kit that will allow you to detach the monitor from the vehicle and set it up in the company CP. Ok regarding the whole falling into enemy hands things, its just not possible. If a vehicle equipped with BFT was overrun then it can pretty much self destruct itself by frying its CPU. You can destroy it yourself with literally a couple of clicks on the monitor or another vehicle can tag your vehicle and destroy it themselves. Plus once that system turns on, everyone can see you so if you know what vehicle was overrun one day and shows up on screen two days later you pretty much know where that bad guy is. All of this is unclassified information and should be easy to look up. The army is trying to get the whole system classified though. Regarding the 5 minute delay that’s true and false. For a ground vehicle its position will update every 5 min or after several hundred meters. Helicopters update every 30 sec and I believe 800m. Depending on how you have your filters set up you can send in a sitrep or message within a few seconds.  I hope this answers some of your questions.

Integrated Physiological Status Monitoring System, attitude i.e. position, heart rate, core and surface temperature and dehydration.

Bionic uniform will change the logistics of war with augmented physical strength.

Liquid Body Armor - This liquid body armor is made from magneto rheological fluid (MR fluids) a fluid that remains in a liquid state until the application of a magnetic field.

One type of MR fluid consists of small iron particles suspended in silicon oil. The oil prevents the particles from rusting. The fluid transforms from liquid to solid in just milliseconds when a magnetic field or electrical current is applied to it. The current causes the iron particles to lock into a uniform polarity and stack on top of each other, creating a shield. How hard the substance becomes depends on the strength of the magnetic field or electrical current. Once the charge or magnetic field is removed, the particles unlock, and the substance goes back to a fluid state.

Source PBS, Nova, making stuff smarter; Aerogel the lightest solid ever created. A slab size of a person weights less than a pound.

Battle jacket anti bullet hole leaks. It’s a coating that seals the hole. 1 bullet hole (the size of your little finger tip) well leak 150 gallons per hour.

Graphene, one thousand times faster than silicon at conducting electricity.

I.B.M. and its Virtical Transistors i.e. nano wires.

Sharklet a material that mimics the shape of shark skin. It keeps bacteria cells from forming on the surfaces it is applied to. Thus it is planned to use it in hospitals to reduce the number one cause of hospital cost i.e. in house infections.

Newtonian fluids and non newtonain fluids. Example on Newtonian fluid OObleck it resist movement i.e. when something tries to past through it or if someone steps on it etc.

M.R. i.e. magneto Rheological fluid react to electric currents i.e. thickens or turns into solids of a sertain shape.

Piezo-electric ceramics also a shape shifting technology used for shape changing wings on aircraft. SMA shape memory alloyds i.e. artificial muscles.

Metamaterials; note the scientist said when viewed from within i.e. inside a metamaterial cloak you would see a mirrow image only. These cloaks blend light in the I.R. range I believe. The visual range is still a bit of a problem I believe they said. 

Note there is an increasing use of automation i.e. computers, robots etc in our modern military when it comes to administration and logistics, maintenance as well as planning. IMO with maintenance, why not equip personnel with a HUD type system (and now we can consider the new "google glass" with the right military apps) with graphics, diagrams and schematics downloaded and able to project these as images onto actual parts and thus illustrate to mechanics or anyone else that might be available, how to perform maintenance task on all this complicated equipment. Thus, there would be less need for traditional training of maintenance and perhaps medical personnel too. An interesting article I found a long the lines of this kind of technology; (Time magazine Nov. 10 2008, page 82, University of Washington, Babak Parviz’s bionic contacts. They use tiny LEDs and are powered by radio waves and solar cells).

   

QUALIFYING SUMMERY

I do not claim all the information stated in Tri-F is indeed a fact and should be fallowed like a gospel. Hence, the Three golden rules (IMO some of my most important original ideas) listed just prior to the Planning section. With Tri-F, I in fact predict one will find errors, especially with any of the numerical data or formulas; I just don’t have the basic math skills I should have picked up in grade school (when I was studying tactics lol) to double check such information. In addition, as already stated this is a work in progress, much of the information still needs editing i.e. organizing, rearranging of location, word changes or reduction. With Tri-F, only a few acronyms and or phases are listed in the order in which they were discovered. Quotes I would say have all been paraphrased.

I would also like to state that a few times repeat has accrued in Tri-F, reasons for this are that the information preceding the repeat did require context to answer a question or to make a point, especially when I was giving an example. Lastly, IMO some things are just worth repeating. That being said, my personal contribution here is the order i.e. format and condensed nature meaning no filibuster bull shit repeat I have found in every Field Manual, I ever read. In light of these attributes, IMO Tri-F is an extremely valuable tool for every Marine and any Commando or Warrior.   

I am aware that some of this information may no longer apply, however I feel commonsense can determine if the rule, suggestion or data would no longer hold up. Many times people have questioned me about the validity of the basic rules; however, I did not make the vast majority of them up. As already stated I copied them from numerous sources many published by the U.S. printing department i.e. Field Manuals. There for let me remind everyone that these rules developed individually over the ages, some indeed going back as far as warfare itself. So to summarize IMO on average over the ages these rules have proven to be the best rules of thumb i.e. most beneficial to those waging war on battlefield earth.

Any additional information suggestions and especially corrections to any information will be greatly appreciated.

Semper Fi  

Simplify

NOTE; I felt a quick reference to general studying tips would be helpful to patriots in making the most of your time and efforts in learning Tri-F.

STUDYING

Setting; 1) Study in familiar area on regular basis. 2) Study in similar area as knowledge well be used. 3) All study material should be kept in area of study. This is to eliminate the distraction of having to go and get something.

4) Lighting, over left shoulder for right-hander, visa versa for left-hander, this is to eliminate shadows. Take care to eliminate glare to minimize fatigue. 5) Atmosphere, reduce sounds in background and perhaps put on some soft classical music. Air, note temperature and circulation. 6) Posture,good promotes coordination and endurance. Avoid remaining in same position to long, shift and stretch often or take brief walks. Pour posture, well stress muscles and joints, causing fatigue and repetitive stress injuries. As well as the position thus the functioning of organs especially in abdominal region.Setting correctly, monitor at eye level. Stomach in, wrist strait and level, forearms bent 90 degrees i.e. perpendicular to biceps. Knees level with or above hips. Feet flat on the floor. Slouching counter by keeping shoulders back and down. Imagine a head light in your chest that most always shine forward. Standing correctly there are three natural curves to the spine. The first is in the neck with it being curved slightly forward, referred to as the Cervical curve. Avoid the forward head posture (aka buzzard neck) by keeping your eyes and collarbone in the same vertical plain. The second curve is in the upper back with it being curved slightly backwards, referred to as the Thoracic curve. The third is in the lower back with it being curved slightly forward, referred to as the Lumbar. As a result, the end product, i.e. your spine resembles a re-curve bow. Continuing with tips for standing correctly, your legs should be slightly bent at the knees. Balance your weight equally on both legs and feet. Constantly shift weight around to all four corners of your feet.

Preparations; 1) Clear your mind and relax. 2) Skim though material; check dates, content, forwards, glossaries, index’s, intros and prefixes to make sure information of interest is located within the material at hand. 3) Focus your concision attention; to set your thoughts to the subject at hand, by reviewing notes and asking yourself questions.Types of attention; immediate, i.e. automatic a heighten awareness. Can be activated or developed by scanning area with eyes and ears. Conscious, with your conscious attention it is necessary to feed it information to sustain the focus. Usually immediate picks out words or images of interest then conscious records relevant information. 4) Set goals; in the short term, goals could include deciding on what chapter to read to. With long-term goals, be patient success at multi small tasks can be better than going for one large goal at once.

Conduct; 1) Read critically; get a variety of opinions. Note average person reads 150 words per minute. 2) Retain meaning over exact wording; put notes in your own words. Do not study similar subjects consecutively. 3) Know the duration of subject i.e. length of speeches, classes etc; you tend to retain more information at the beginning and end of speeches, classes, meetings, movies etc. So by knowing the duration you can pay more attention during the mid point.Memory; Diet, some say it can help to eat more fish and nuts, Blue berries are suppose to be excellent. Mind binders, this is braking up the normal routines to enhance recall for specific invents an example might be using your right hand to perform a task if you are left handed. Types of memory;Episodic memory, this is history, personal and over all events such as conversations, schedules and plans. Procedural memory, physical skills i.e. typing, biking or martial arts.Somatic memory, math, combinations or phone numbers.Stages of memory; A) Recording, i.e. acquisition, receiving, input. Note on Distortions two types, passive, counter by avoiding, making predictions or having high expectations prior to classes, events or recording information on various subjects. Active distortions discussed below. Note onDyslexia, it can be countered by closing one eye as you record numbers or other information. B) Retaining, i.e. storage. Note on retaining names; do not judge people negatively, and if person is just unlikable try thinking of them in comical terms. Match the name with rimming descriptive words. Use mediation link i.e. match person to actions, occupation, position, posture, or surroundings. Use name as soon as possible and as often as conversation allows. Note on recognition of faces; pick out feature that stands out the most like eyes, glasses, hat, hair, ears, nose, etc. like a political cartoonist would. C) Recall, i.e. retrieving, output, usage. Note you tend to recall things the way you wish them to be, aka selectivity, example; bed, dream, night, rest, wake. Most people when asked to recall this list include the word, sleep. This is similar to what is referred to as word association. Example; ocean equaling Tide detergent, or broom equaling witch. That is to say, if a person is told a story including the word ocean then is ask to name a deterrent most people well name Tide. Also on Distortions, now active, this includes leading questions or statements i.e. planting idea that something has happened or is a fact when it has not yet been determined. Subliminal; this is manipulating the perception threshold of ones senses.

Principals of memory; 1) Interest, it is being motivated, timing and variety are very important. Do not over do i.e. push your self too far. 2) Relaxation, this involves staying calm, cool, collective, confident, concentrate on things do not worry about them. Avoid situations were your attention is divided. Eliminate all negative thinking, remember when emotions are high intellect is low and this dose work both ways. In fact, thoughts or ideas can reveal themselves as emotions thus resulting in actions in the feature. Sleep or meditation after studying can help retain information. 3)Repetition, in the short term this is repeating facts to yourself repeatedly. In the long term, this is reviewing data from time to time. 4) Organization, this involves keeping data up to date, relating new information to old and of course keeping things in some kind of general order. Note on list making, put things in progressive order according to time and place to compliment each other, i.e. chronologically. Imagery, this can involve using a familiar family room’s four walls and eight corners counting the floor and ceiling junctures. I use a one-foot equals a mile scaled world model and place information at the location it relates to. Develop a personal collection of abstract symbols, letters, words, acronyms, colors, shapes, street signs to use in your mental models. For instance with numbers you can use dominos. Also with numbers look for patterns i.e. doubles, triples, pairs or sequences of odd and or even digits. In addition, with imagery, when ever you are performing any kind of disassembly or construction task. You can interact with tools and parts, visualizing yourself in miniature. Visualizing yourself helping i.e. standing on parts, handling and positioning tools. With any imagery technique the more detailed, the better even to the point of bizarre i.e. completely out of proportion. Over all when it comes to recalling information, there are two so-called inhibitions of importance to note. Retroactive inhibitions; new information learned recently interferes with old. Proactive inhibitions; proactive because the interference is in the feature, old information effects the recall of new. Both inhibition types can be due to numerous similarities or vast differences in the data. 5) Meaningfulness, in other words how useful information is to you on a daily basis. 6) Familiarity, aka the Big picture i.e. the more you know about subjects the easier facts and data relate or fit into your over all knowledge of a given subject, thus becoming easier to retain. 7) Feed back, this is discussing information with others, comparing notes i.e. sharing or teaching. It is the number one aid to retaining information.

(Reference, Planning, Step # 3, Debriefs)

Here below again with this first posts of this series, I wanted to make everyone aware of my Epilogue. This of course is located at the end of my original "Fragmented Fighting Facts". 

Epilogue

Here recently the "Old World" as I call him had asked me to leave. The reasons were complicated, however a fare summery would be that the contrast of what he perceived (I on the other hand was able to read between the lines and see what the future was)  our future as and how it unfolded i.e. turned for what seemed to be the worst. I had worked as manager for about six mouths, I had gotten fired, and it was to much for the "old world". He just snapped on me, blaming me for everything.

When I realized the "Old World" was not going to change his mind and would have called the cops. I decided to post a decoy i.e. a series of disinformation post (if, I could access my blog from other computers) about me trying to put together an organization that would be able to impress and bring about real change in the local Miami Dade area, on the street level. I did this to try and buy me some time for yet another "great escape". This time from the tip of a peninsula.

Everyone watching me knows, I headed strait north none stop. I called the "Old World" the next day  due to the fact I realized I had failed to give him the various codes to the phone. I had not given him the codes to the computer on purpose to keep any of the local "useful idiots" from gaining access to my files. Long story short I realized at one point he was realizing that it did not make any sense to kick me out. I took up a defense position, lol i.e. quit moving north. Two days later just like I had suggested to all the tenants in our complexes, the new owner gave everyone an eviction notice. And so the "Old World" told me I could return.

With all that said, what fallows is my original Epilogue. Thus, I wish to make sure no one thinks of me as a terrorist. If anyone, was to line up everyone, who has ever known me, and asked them the question-“has (My name) ever talked to you about military matters”? All would laugh and reply all the time! My history is the proof of my stability. I don’t have any comrades, underworld contacts, or dilutions of becoming a rebel with a cause. I absolutely believe that the next civil war, which may have already started. Well be an elite/corporate one. The days of grass roots revolutions are over. Resent events with the FAILED so called uprising in Egypt and the WORTHLESS so call "occupy" movements in the U.S. imo prove I am absolutely correct. The masses are nothing more than fuel now. Kind of like in the movie Matrix, HA!  I now live with a WW two veteran. He is92 years old now. And a wonderful human being. We love and need each other! He is my mission in life. Seeing to it that he lives as long and as best a life as possible, is what I intend to accomplish. He saved me from a life on the streets, twice lol.  I invite anyone who wishes to know more, to ask me. 

And the reason I do not fear the "black helos" assaulting our place is that I have been posting now for years. Furthermore like I have posted many times, the U.S. government has known all about me and what I'm about for decades now. And IMO they are using my blog for bating terrorist and blocking it from any and everyone else that the algorithms do not suggest would know or have previous contact with me. This filtering is imo a hell of a lot easier than most would believe.  

And they do not allow any replies.

I have no contact with anyone but the "old world" and his family. And that is just for the "old world's" sake. My family has long quit communicating. 

What fallows is a poem that can also serve as an insight to my mind set. People are entitled to their opinions. But I have yet to meet anyone with facts to prove me wrong about anything much at all.

WAR

War, you just can’t call it war anymore

nor can you say it well last x amount of days

Advanced technology has brought about scientific criminology

Logically speaking, we can only surrender, to that which well ultimately render.

NJD 1995

Fragmented Fighting Facts

Conduct of engagements

1) Flash report:

This is individuals or units checking in with superiors, if things just don’t seem right. Something out of the ordinary happens. At first signs of trouble i.e. spotting the enemy or signs of the enemy and especially if shooting starts. This is so no one gets wiped out without someone knowing something about situation, waiting to hear from you or sending help. A round going by your ear sounds like the largest fastest bumble bee you ever heard. You may feel the puff of the swirl. In jungle thick wet vegetation muffles sound greatly contact up front or with point man may not be heard by entire unit. Hence word well have to be passed back down the line i.e. members well sound off (CONTACT). With gunfire during MOUT, one shot maybe thought of as a backfire, two or three is gunfire. If suppressors are used you might only hear rounds impacting i.e. pops, bings, dings, smacks, cracks, like a can roasting on a bond fire etc. If close, in MOUT you may here ejected casings hitting a surface. Sounding similar to a wind chime, metal for concrete, bamboo for wooden floors. You may also here the action working, sounding like machinery i.e. printing press. I note here the sounds of a fire fight can include all the above, (AT ONCE) along with whooshes, whistles, thumps etc.

(Reference, Over all tips “spotting shooters” at the end of this section)

Pre- attack warning signs: Basically you are looking for the absence of the normal and the presence of the abnormal. Lights being out, lack of activity by locals, especially when no children are playing. Windows opened but blinds, drapes or curtains pulled shut. Things of value left unattended or food cooking. Running over rocks while traveling at high speed in vehicles, thinking it was enemy fire. These pre-attack warning signs could also include…

Post attack signatures: spent castings, bullet holes, impact marks maybe chipped bark on a tree or downed vegetation i.e. branches or leaves, blood, drag marks indicating removal of the WIA or KIA. Disregarded equipment such as covers, gloves, magazines, web gear, medical gear or packaging. Fighting holes i.e. hastily prepared sites or scorch marks on sand bags, ground or walls, this from muzzle flash. Shadows forming long dark streaks in snow along firing lanes, extending out from fighting holes. Ice fogs accrue at minus 20 degrees or below, this is rounds crystallizing water vapor in the air, and forming a contrail like streak along the rounds trajectory. Will remain under still conditions for up to (30) minutes. Contrails from mortar and rocket rounds too.Damage to buildings such as windows, doors or gates. Smell of gun powder or other smoke from grass or structure fires.

Beyond 400 yards flak jacket and helmets make impacts non-fatal or harmless. Interceptor vest cons; Marines don’t know they’ve been hit i.e. fired upon. Impact trauma i.e. damage to surface allowed by test, a maximum of 44mm/2” diameter. Bullet flattened and twisted out of shape, meaning it has been ricocheted off of something.

Immediate action: with first shots unit leader dose a row call, inquires about injuries with in the unit. Ideally, he would just receive this info without having to inquire about it. You could use alphabetical order within unit. British using T-1 thru 3 i.e. levels of seriousness with WIA, T - 4 is a KIA. Depending on the foe’s range for one thing, IMO it would be best to make the most of, sign language i.e. hand signals to keep from revealing numbers and everyone’s locations to the foe. This would require word being passed along by others as everyone might not be visible to unit leader. Thus terrain, darkness or other visual difficulties may require sounding off with information especially “medical request” i.e. with urgency for care. Leader should check with support i.e. CAS assets too.

Any Marine who has seen the enemy, reports information simply as (who) including numbers of persons and weapons or equipment observed at a minimum. Examples; one person maybe described in the fallowing way, start by height “6 foot, 180 lbs, fallowed by hair and eyes if noted. Ideally, you maybe able to compare the subject to a well known actor or actress only needing to add short/tall or fat/thin version. Red on blue, pistol in right hand, flash light left hand. Meaning that the one you saw is about 6 foot tall, 180 lbs, etc wearing a red blouse and blue trousers etc. If you see a group, you might say four, fallowed by as many individual descriptions as you can note in the above mentioned manor.(What) running, taking up position. In addition, (where)reference i.e. east side of building or cardinal i.e. south of unit, clock face i.e. two o’clock, degrees/mills, it also maybe necessary to give range etc. Here when, why, and how are for the politicians to decide (LOL) i.e. IMO not necessary to use or define here.

Note w/immediate action as for Identifying the Foe, conceder using Stump/Branch/Stick and Mud/Dirt/Sand i.e.the Stump/short and heavy, branch/tall and thick or lean and mean or Stick/skinny or thin, in the Mud/dark, blacks. Dirt/tan, Mexicans etc. And sand/whites, northerner etc.

MCG April 2011, Ideas and issues (C2) The Ground Commander and the COC cmbt opr. Ctr. By 1^st Lt. Adam J. Franco

Reporting can be a Units critical vulnerability or center of gravity (COG). Every Marine needs to understand the basics of “you, this is me” reporting. (SALTA) report i.e. size, activity enemy, location, time,activity friendly aka a call for fire.” IMO just SALT, i.e. (A) should be combined. Thus starting your battle drill/immediate action as well as your higher ups, which will include pulling in key leaders from the fire support team (FiST) and other units for support. 

Giving a rough direction and distance or basic ADDRAC (alert, direction, description, range, assignment, control) with unit leader obtaining a defense, advanced, GPS, receiver (DAGR) grid vice a cardinal direction and rough distance.

Evaluate the enemy i.e. observe, orient, decide, act. IMO maybe the five Ws and the H, would be better i.e. who, what, where, when, why and how.

SALTA Report example;

S) Size of the enemy. Number of elements and number of fighters in each element is important. One element with a few fighters may be a recon unit not a deliberate attack, enemy maybe attempting to harass or bait you into an ambush. With multiple elements and multiple fighters in each, it could be a deliberate attack.

A) Activity of the enemy.  The enemy’s movements are key to their overall plan. If the enemy is becoming decisively engaged using multiple elements, with multiple fighters in each, taking up firing positions, establishing a base of fire, and attempting to out flank, it is a deliberate attack i.e. enemy may have planned, prepared and coordinated. If the enemy is static or has fired a few shots and then egressed, that’s harassment or probing or an attempt to bait or a diversion.

note

Newjarheaddean; I find the term egressing, interesting due to the fact I’ve been planning on introducing some tactics and terms to Tri-F that I found mentioned by Vietnam pilots. Meanly switching channels on the egress i.e. after the attack on the objective. This would be in the Planning section, Step #3, Part D, Patrol order, shackle sheet notes.

What type of fire are you taking? Four types of small arms fire, and what they can mean. Note the order here is most important to least.

Detail analysis;

Sustained effective fire; effective i.e. preventing unit’s ability to maneuver and or return fire. Can mean the enemy has a plan and is attacking with numerous skilled fighters and or are already at close range.  When the fire is sustained, the ground commander and COC need to utilize supporting arms/ indirect fires, organic or otherwise i.e. Armor, mortars, CAS, or artillery. 

Sporadic effective fire; Enemy is engaging every few minutes with a few bursts or single shots. Affecting your unit’s ability to maneuver etc. The enemy might be at close range. Has a purpose, might be taking out equipment like antennas, tires, windshields, lights, sandbags thus weakening fighting holes thus showing skill. Or the enemy is trying to bait or probe i.e. wants to see your tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP).

Sustained ineffective fire; This type of fire will mostly come from inexperienced fighters, who lack fire discipline, training or the enemy is at long range, perhaps lacking estimate skills. Enemy may not be aiming but rather making noise thus it could be a diversion an attempt to keep unit from observing something.  It can again be baiting, probing or harassment. Although this would be costly i.e. wasteful for those tactics.  

Sporadic ineffective fire; enemy engaging every few minutes with a few bursts or single shots. The effects of the fire are not deterring the unit from maneuvering or returning fire. The enemy could be baiting, monitoring your TTP, harassing unit, such as disrupting taps or it simply could mean the enemy is at long range or not good shots.

What type of weapons system? Knowing the different types of weapons systems and their effective ranges will aid in locating the enemy and determine what type of force you are up against. Everyone utilizes Russian-style small arms, but different weapons mean different things. Many times in Marjah a light machinegun and AK–47s would engage us. This was standard for small ambushes or harassing fire. When we received a rocket propelled grenade shot or started receiving mortar impacts, we immediately knew it was a more deliberate attack. Newjarheaddean; here with say a PK or AK they use the same round right, so it would be the burst or accuracy that may I.D. a difference right? Because impact analysis of each round is going to show same damage.

Abbreviated version;

Sustained effective; the attack is on. Sporadic effective; engaging with purpose, close range and or skilled.

Sporadic ineffective; enemy could be baiting, monitoring TTP, harassing, lacks skill, or at long range. Sustained ineffective; mostly from inexperienced fighters, making noise, sustained rate equals lack of discipline, ineffective range they are trying to engage at or lack of training. In the COC, all this info, helps determine if a unit in contact situation needs to be declared and if a QRF is needed.

L) Location.

Friendly position should already be sent to higher at the initial contact; Newjarheaddean; if COC does not have their Blueforce Tracker data something’s wrong. If it has changed it can be corrected here.

Enemy position should be passed in one of the following ways: Mills and a distance using a VECTOR 21 laser range finder in conjuncture with DAGR Defense Advanced GPS receiver or compass. Guided reference graphic location, IMO this is a picture of a FOR i.e. feature of recognition aka way points. (not for targeting, but this allows the FiST to obtain an accurate precision strike suite for SOFs grid). The best means is a guided reference graphic talk-on. A VECTOR DAGR direction and distance or grid.

precision strike suite for SOFs, the acronym PSS SOF is pronounced, Piss off.

A soldier using PSS-SOF employs the Global Positioning System to find his own location. Then he takes a laser and lases to a target, so he can see the target on grid coordinates and also on a map. PSS-SOF then draws on three-dimensional imagery from the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency so the soldier can see whether the target he’s about to shoot is correct. If the location is wrong, that soldier can drag and drop an icon on his computer screen to the correct location so that a precise munition can be called to fire at the target, Ralston said.

“this is not mensurated targeting, it is near-mensurated. But it is close enough that it will get you ‘precise’ targeting,” defined as targeting the right spot within 10 meters. Because it depends on stock imagery that is not updated, the system can’t be used for mobile targets, like tanks.

The recently fielded GMLRS provides greater precision with a smaller bang than Air Force firepower, Ralston said, because it fires a 200-pound warhead as opposed to dropping a 500-pound bomb.
Excalibur, an even smaller munition at 50 pounds, is even better for urban fighting, because it drops nearly vertically over its target, he said.

T) Time. When contact was initiated and the date time group.

Note an abreveated verson I found earlier.

SALTA (enemy situation (including size and equipment), enemy activity, location, time, friendly action) report.

S: Two to four men with small arms.

A: Explosion, either a bomb or a rocket propelled grenade, 15 meters to the north. AK fire on our rear.

L: Give grid or building number.

T: Time now.

A: Possible two wounded in action. Conducting triage and find, fix, flank source of AK fire. Stand by for medevac

Note I may have already moved this info i.e. combined it with activity above. A) Activity of friendlies. This is not your game plan just a quick assessment. Do you have positive identification? Are you returning fire? Can you maneuver? This gives the COC and higher headquarters a quick snapshot of what you are doing. You can look at this as the wave tops of your plan.

Clear site picture of what is going on. For example, “I am going to use my overwatch element in Compound 7 CE4 Sector to suppress the enemy fire team in the tree line as my satellite element maneuvers west 200 meters to a north/south running tree line to close on the enemy. I will contact you when my element begins maneuvering north in the tree line.” This kind of communication lets the COC know who is doing what, how you plan to maneuver, and when you will call them with your next update. This type of positive control of communications allows the unit leader to fight his element.

IMO; again, here I do not have a clear sight picture, this is wrong, the COC should just be monitoring, so Co does not have to repeat or waist time. IMO NO Satellite term should be used, to confusing with modern assets.

Attack commands; aka, Fire Commands, the British term is Quick battle orders (QBO). There are three parts with sub sections as fallows. Part one, Designation; (Who) example rifleman, Grenadier. Part two, Description; (What) describes target or action to be taken by unit member i.e. rush, followed by (Where) location again expressed as cardinal, clock face i.e. two o’clock or in degrees/mills fallowed by the range. In open areas True north is always considered 12 O’clock or (0) zero degrees, in a MOUT situation, grid north i.e. street layout should be used. Note with action to be taken, Example; rushes direction and range would be to the next desired location. Part three, Orders; (How) i.e. with automatic, semi and or with what type of ammo, HE, AP, tracers or fuse setting. Keep in mind that if Mark-19 rounds are striking a target, which other weapons could engage and take out, something is wrong. Mark-19 ammunition is heavy and should not be used when other weapons can do the same job. Also if you can knife them instead of shooting. Continuing with Part three, Orders next comes (When) i.e. on my command or fire/loose at well, “Ignis ubi paratus/fire when ready” etc. Again, Sign language/hand signals can be used if foe is at close range. This is also necessary when working with foreign troops. Whenever passing word IMO due so loud, clear and once, i.e. repeated at proper intervals only. In other words if you barely heard it chances are the next Marine did not hear it, or if the Marine beyond you is not observed or heard passing the word. Where’s the (Why)? (LOL) you are just to do or die, i.e. IMO there is no need to use or define why here.

(Reference, Defensive section rule # 7 Decide on signals)

Here we can add our calling for CAS and other support procedures. See Location above.

Encounter engagement;

Not all battles are straightforward situations of attacker versus defender.  At times, units encounter each other in the advance. Unlike running into a rearguard, which is protecting a retreating unit, an encounter engagement differs in that neither side is fully aware of the scale of the forces they are facing. This is because the enemy has probably not yet presented the greater part of its forces. At the Battalion level, the advance would be conducted with a single Rifle Company in the vanguard. The remainder of the Battalion would follow either in column or arrowhead formation. The latter was more likely as the Battalion approached areas they were uncertain of, as the Rifle Companies could deploy much quicker. Such encounters were as much about maneuvers as they were firepower. The action would begin at the lowest level, likely two groups of scouts running into one another. From there, the vanguard would deploy, seeking to outflank the enemy. What differentiates an encounter engagement is that, rather than attempting to defend their line or fall back slightly, the enemy often well be doing the same thing i.e. trying to outflank. Thus, the frontline well be fluid, as it has yet to be delineated. Such engagements can quickly develop into a general engagement as more units are fed in, with units searching for an open flank to exploit. Senior commanders could also be tempted by the possibility of ‘rolling up’ the enemy line before they can establish a defensive position. If one moved quickly, there was the chance of cutting off the enemy’s vanguard from its main force, but in so doing units were exposed to a similar fate. Equally, this opportunity could be lost if one opted for caution. The key to this decision rested on accurate intelligence. As well as the proximity and likelihood of reinforcements. 

Note; IMO on a Fire Team or Squad level it would always be best to be initially very aggressive with in a given area depending on terrain. That is to say, around the perimeter or within a single building with MOUT, or several hundred feet i.e. foot ball field size area in semi open terrain i.e. street side or brush country, however jungle terrain usually confines units to very small areas for maneuvering, and success depends more on your initial formation and immediate overwhelming firepower. 

This concludes part one of the "Conduct of Engagements", section of this Marines "Fragmented Fighting Facts"...

" Give me a million dollars and I well change the world"

" When it comes to persecution and suffering that fairly tale about christ dose not have (S) nothing on me"

" I well bet my lucky start" IKYG

G-day!