Welcome Aboard!

AHOY,


UPDATE 12/21/13, 11:42 HOURS

I am revealing who I am today i.e. posting my name, I am Keith Oeffinger, I was born in San Antonio Texas in 1963. See today's post 12/21/13 .


Update, 01/11/14 12:30 hours;

I would like to say, with only one reply, like three years ago, this blog seems too much like a mirror site to me. And it appears very few patriots are looking back at past posts.

The new “Fragmented Fighting Facts” series of posts that dedicates one post to each Basic rule has now been completed. This series starts with the post tilted “Post # 1, Planning, Preface” that posted on 05/12/13. This series is under the label “Tri-F in progress”. Posts well be updated as I edit or discover additional knowledge thus the series is the most current version of my "Fragmented Fighting Facts" manual. For an old but complete version i.e. all in one post copy. Patriots are welcomed to try viewing one of the “pages” listed in the “special word section” on the starboard side of the blog. I say try due to the fact I’m not sure if they are published i.e. viewable to the general public due to all the issues or HACKING with my blog. There is also a complete copy posted, that is titled, “Tri-F in progress” too, it was posted 11/13/10.

And feel free to fire away with a reply, (sarcasm on).


FLASH REPORT; the “TERRORIST ARE NOT AMONG US, AND NEVER WERE I.E. AL QAEDA IS A STAWL MAN, GHOST”.

The most important lesson that everyone should have taken away from the Boston Marathon bombings was that those young men proved that no al-queda members are in the u.s. Otherwise they too would just go get some presure cookers and had to a parade.

“I AM NOT A TERRORIST” this nation’s worst enemy is FEAR. This fear is being promoted mostly by the back woods, right wing, Christians of this nation. We need to separate church and state, period. And that is of course for the States sake.


I would like patriots to understand that I use the terms "official revealed fact" to mean what everyone is being told by officials, media etc. I use the term "kings truth" to mean what I know or believe to actually be the actual facts. I DO NOT MEAN IT IN A RELIGIOUS WAY. I.E. the term Kings is plural as in those running the show.


Preface for the Fragmented Fighting Facts

Note pink highlighted material is that, that IMO is questionable factually, it maybe an “official revealed fact” that I am questioning. The material may need to be defined i.e. explained more or it could be a personal note. Yellow is location undecided or unedited material i.e. unread that I have not decided on what to keep or not. Green means a change has been made i.e. an update. By noting the green updated highlights a Patriot well not have to read the Fragmented Fighting Facts in its entirety to stay current. Red is important, perhaps the "kings truth".

Newjarheaddean; this is my collection of combat notes. One might call it my anthology of combat tactics, techniques, methods and skills. The note taking began about fourty years ago (I was around 13 years old) with the observation of 10 rules listed with in a book covering the French and Indian i.e. Native American, wars, entitled “Roger’s Rangers”. That’s right the rules that started all this are “Army Ranger” rules, this book was located in the “Westfall” library in San Antonio Texas off of Vance Jackson. I get a kick out of the libraries name due to the general agreement that modern or state vs state warfare started with the singing of the peace treaties at Westphalia. I could not read at the time; however I knew that a list in a book on war would be important. I copied those rules down like a scribe might have written hieroglyphs and had my dad read them to me. . This discovery preceded numerous sources including approximately one hundred books and about a dozen field manuals, of which a few were of WWII era. These were found at libraries, half price bookstores and garage sales. Since going on line in 2007, I have found material on web sites such as “Defense and National Interest” (DNI), “Global security”, “Strategy page” , “Wikipedia” and “Bayonet strength” and “Efour4ever” in the combat lessons learned section. These last two sites cover WWII.

Previously referred to as K.O.O.L.N. (acronym definition, top secret), FLASH REPORTS; I NOW AM TELLING EVERYONE IT STANDS FOR KEITH OEFFINGER'S ORGANIZATION OF LEARNED KNOWLEDGE the joke on me here was I believed Knowledge was spelled with an (N). I was a special education student and did not learn to read until my last year of high school. I have now titled my work “Fragmented Fighting Facts” or “Tri-F”; the name derives from the computer grammar function always alerting me to the fragmented nature of my sentences. This is due to the “just the facts, ma’am” manor the material is written i.e. there has been little if any effort to write in whole sentences or provide context. This is not to say there is no order with Tri-F, in fact there is a theme. I have laid out the information as one might expect a commander or members of a unit to recall it thus utilizing it to conduct a mission.

We start with “Planning”, followed by the section on “Defense”, then there’s “Preparations and conduct of patrols” or “PCP”, and we end with “Conduct of Engagements” or “COE”, i.e. engagements being the term used here for shootouts. Each section of Tri-F consists of numbered “Basic rules”, each basic rule followed by detailed notes that either relate to, explain, or give examples pertaining to the basic rules. As with the general format of Tri-F, each section’s basic rules are laid out as one might need to recall them. This is most obvious in the last section COE starting with basic rule number one, “Flash report”, i.e. actions to take upon contact with the enemy. This sections last basic rule deals with handling POWs.

Keep in mind this is a work in progress; I’m constantly discovering new information to add which in turn still at times requires rearranging things. At the same time, interestingly enough to me, I have not needed to rearrange my original order of the basic rules for quite some time. There are however, two instances where the detailed information fallowing a pair of basic rules became so similar I decided to combine the pair into one basic rule. These two occurrences are noted in footnotes.

Now heed this, out of all the information contained within this work, only an estimated 1% was taught to me while I was serving in the U.S.M.C. Moreover, to put a fine point on it, it’s worth noting I served in Charlie Company, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division, i.e. an Infantry unit. Before my discharge (after only a two year cruse), I attended Jungle Warfare School in the northern training area of Okinawa (for two weeks), Mountain Warfare School in Korea (for one week) and Combat Town Camp Pendleton for MOUT training (for one day). I did not take part in any amphibious training nor did I ever go to Twenty Nine Palms for Desert Warfare training. We did ride around in AAVs once at Camp Pendleton. All in all I would say the only things I missed out on were a beach landing (at Coronado I believe) and a little sun burn, due to the fact that those twenty nine palms, I was told in the early eighties were all located at the front gate of that base. Needless to say, the training did not impress me, and I now know it was not going to get any better as some suggested to me at the time, and still others later claimed that I should have just stayed in longer.

With my position on the lack of training, I do wish to make it perfectly clear that I do support the service women and men in the U.S. armed forces. I also believe them to be as brave as any people on earth, (with the exception of the (Y) generation). My concern is in the way the Infantry especially is being mislead and used. I want people to understand my experience and IMO a lot of evidence suggests Uncle Sam intends to use his infantry in ways that does not include training any generation in the art of “traditional Guerilla combat tactics” i.e. as a “Traditional Commando” would be. I am not talking about “SWAT” team “Close quarter” tactics, like the “Stick dynamic entry”. That tactic should be called the “cluster f**k”. Just call that sort of tactic what it is NYPD (Cops T.V. show bad-boys, bad-boys) in Afghanistan.

The problem is that that tactic was developed by police departments to deal with an objective occupied by drugged up party animals, i.e. untrained civilians. The police never use it in a spur of the minute situation. They use it when the house/objective has been under constant surveillance for mouths in some cases and the police know all manner of information about everyone in the house and the structure and neighborhood in general. The cops choose a time when everyone is pasted out from partying the night before and have long lost any weapons (between the cushions or under the bed) they might have had on them as show pieces during the party. The primary reason for the large numbers of police in close proximity is to make sure the gang does not think the raid is a rival gang “brake in” and thus resist in any way. There is lots of yelling too, thus reinforcing the message that no one is trying to be covert, like one would be to get away with a crime.

This brings up an intriguing observation of mine; that being that by the book an assault should be made from the top down, yet the troops in Afghanistan and elsewhere use the Stick dynamic entry and usually enter from the front door, like a SWAT team. However resent high profile raids show the SWAT teams attacking from the top down. Examples you may recall are the raids on the Shinning path group in Peru in 2000 and the Mumbai raid by Indian forces on the Jewish center in 2008. IMO this proves the existence of what I’ll refer to as a “need to know” training policy, being followed by various governments, the purpose being to limit the number of true Commandos that could become tomorrow’s rebels, apposing corrupt governments. One last thing about the Stick, IMO every single time the regular forces unit conducting one of these foolish Stick dynamic entries comes under fire i.e. runs into resistance, the Stick brakes i.e. the whole unit evacuates and awaits some kind of support form tanks, guns, tubes or air. Bottom line IMO the Stick is used as a probing tactic and is meant to be a moral boosting show peace tactic to make the unit feel as if it has taken a hill, which was nothing more than another empty building, that IMO Intel suggested, was the case before the entry was ordered. Recalling the police policy of long periods of surveillance prior to raids.

It also seems to me that in light of the old saying “you can fight a war with bombs and blockades but only boots on the ground can win it” ( IMO, Uncle Sam has now revised that saying, as fallows) “you can win a war with bombs and blockades, but only the infantry can end the war”, farther more IMO Uncle Sam has gone one more step and decided to use private security companies and local i.e. indigenous people for the infantry role. All this fear of true commandos is all very similar to the “Mujahideen” not being allowed by various governments, to return to their homelands i.e. native nations, after fighting the Soviets in Afghanistan.

And as for the U.S. and other Western nations, training foreigners to fight a counter insurgency goes. IMO this training includes nothing more than police procedures i.e. conducting investigations, forensics, searching individuals and buildings to collect evidence and yes serving warrants, if necessary, with those all mighty “stick” tactics. And of course, lots of “new innovative techniques and tactics” involving CAS and IMO (Old) so called high tech equipment the U.S. Military Industrial Congressional Complex wants to clear out of the warehouses.

All in all IMO Uncle Sam has chosen to put just about all his eggs in one advanced technology system, think Star Wars Storm Troopers or Matrix i.e. the Operator or Morpheus trying to guide Neo and others to safety. IMO it looks something like this; (x) unit go to (x) address, kick in front door, use stairs to your right, go south down hallway to (x) door, it is unlocked, interning room go to (x) window looking out window to the north you will see your target running east though the neighbors garden. All this information and the “live” feeds of target and area of operations would be provided by a fleet of satellites as well as Near space assets that are never mentioned by the media as current military assets and of course there’s the robots, UAVs and a flood of other covertly deployed sensors as well as covert eves dropping of any civilian electronic devices in the Area of operations.

Thus in light of these and similar so called “new innovative, techniques and tactics” (notice the media and governments choice of words “techniques and tactics” as if we’re talking Commando training i.e. why not use some modern high tech terms the system is so eager to introduce us all to normally as a matter of routine), IMO Uncle Sam has placed the traditional Guerrilla combat tactics, on the back burner and is hoping they all go the way of other black arts.

This is not just true of the infantry; let us take a peek at aerial combat. Does anyone out there actually think today’s U.S. pilots are turning and burning, pulling high (G) maneuvers trying to hit the entry windows and get inside the bandits turn. Think any pilot has conducted a yo-yo or split S maneuver lately or made the choice between a single or two-circle fight. Now days its all about stealth, ECM and Smart even autonomous weapons, missiles especially BVR tech. IMO this explains why the U.S. Navy is not concerned with not having a front line fighter equal to the USAF F-22 Raptor. An article I recently read on “Strategy page” mentioned a lot of talk about a Navy F/A-18E at an air show, displaying a little F-22 silhouette decal i.e. a simulated Kill credit symbol/icon. IMO the F/A- 18E did not gun down that kill.

And then everyone knows that just about all now and IMO soon all weapons systems including the bayonet well have a chip in it.

So if the electronics ever fail (maybe due to a shift in the axis of earths electromagnetic field, passed a certain point or perhaps a record size solar flare) IMO it well be the masters of the age-old Guerrilla combat tactics i.e. The Fragmented Fighting Facts Basic Rules that survive, keeping in mind “no one wins”.

I also wish, that those who join the various services where told all this up front i.e. “we do not intend to train you as a traditional Commando”.

Another thing I would like everyone to consider is that; what makes a Marine special is not the training she or he receives, no it’s the steel the youth demonstrates when they choose to join the Marines. Even when compared to the Special Forces, who IMO are only specialists in their particular field, once again mostly high tech specialties and whose ranks are filled with older personnel that have already been serving and have graduated from a boot camp i.e. are aware of the hoop and hype hurry up and wait tactics. And who are then usually chosen i.e. coached into changing their MOS. I am aware of the change in recruitment policy after 2001 allowing for direct entry into the S.F. community. IMO a rarity and IMO it is still not the same as just choosing to go to a Marine Corps Recruit Depot from the start.

Furthermore, to those who just well not accept the truth about the lack of training along the lines of traditional Guerrilla combat tactics. I can now say that I have exchanged comments with a number of Iraqi and Afghanistan combat vets. These comments can be found on the internet if you Google up my call sign, Newjarheaddean also spelled with one (D). IMO it is obvious that the tactics I speak of are news to the vets, some have made commits that proves in combat they were just winging it. And no, I don’t believe that all the vets are observing some kind of code of silence on these tactics including the vets who are against the wars. Unless everyone wants to say that YouTube and other internet companies are conspiring to edit all combat footage that shows these tactics being used and that, the vets are staging other videos that show them (albeit with great bravery) as armatures without a clue and winging it. If anyone ever sees video, showing the tactics listed in Tri-F being used, be sure and provide a link with your comment. I once saw a flash of film on CNN showing combat in Lebanon during the 1980s that showed some of these tactics being used by a Guerrilla fighter. I well also say I do believe that UAV footage is edited by the Pentagon to keep the public from seeing the few but well trained Taliban and other Guerrilla fighters that are using these tactics. Alternatively, maybe people think our professional highly trained well-equipped military is unable to defeat 10 – 20 thousand religious extremist amateur thugs in almost a decade of fighting. All the while killing at least by some estimates 100 a mouth including dozens of top commanders.

Let me also say, on the numbers of U.S. PTSD casualties, i.e. IMO, WIA, (And IMO deserving of a Purple Heart). The Government portrays these cases as a result of fighting a war that is “unlike any other war we have fought before” (LOL). Facing an enemy that is fighting in some mysterious and or cowardly manor that simply cannot be countered by military means. I believe the high numbers are a result of US forces fighting in a manner that is suicidal i.e. pointless and counterproductive to the real world situation. Example; you have a young brave American ready to fight for the nation, while on one of these IMO “Russian roulette parades” someone shoots at the unit from some building, everyone scrambles for cover, as some spray and pray, then after determining the location using SWATS (Soldier Worn Acoustic Targeting Systems) sniper detectors, or one of the many similar vehicle mounted systems the commander calls in some sort of CAS, if someone’s brains have been blow out especially if it was an officer or the location is vague, a real “crowd pleaser” maybe used i.e. 2000 pounder.

IMO this is how 90% of engagements (fought by regular infantry units) are resolved. Special Forces are now and in the feature more and more regular infantry well be using the Matrix. And to those that think this is the exception I say show me the number of WIA or KIA (On either side) by small arms fire i.e. during traditional firefights. Even if one includes sniper fire those figures are really low. So IMO after witnessing all the carnage and innocent civilian life being lost and receiving all those looks from the witnesses, it is the American that realizes it is his unit that is not fighting right.

This is reinforced and really sinks in back in the states when the vet is asked to tell the Commando stories that never occurred and thus the vet must tell the truth i.e. give up the Commando reputation, keep it all inside or start lying. If the first option is chosen that unveiling reality is demoralizing and makes it all not worth it. If either one of the other chooses are made IMO the vet becomes the ticking bomb. And I can tell you all that many times, I have recalled being told once that “when you go home keep your mouth shut about the things we did. If you don’t you well be thought of as a liar or crazy and either which way your life well be over”. That First Sergeant was right, but like my daddy use to say, “He’s right but he does not know why he’s right” i.e. IMO the First Sgt. thought of what we did in terms of remarkable heroic feats. However, IMO certainly since the beginning of the Vietnam era, it is the lack of training i.e. the manner in which our service women and men are fighting that keeps this tragedy going.

I would also suggest the vets of today are just like I was 25 or so years ago in the sense that they know there training is lacking, however, they just cannot explain what’s missing. However unlike me they refuse to accept that old fashion “black arts” are the answer i.e. should be the basis of basic training. And I now know the “Black art” tactics they and I should have been trained in and I can now say, “The PFC that told the Corp it was out of step, now has provided the proof”. What surprises me is that most vets it seems don’t care at all about the tactics I speak of and seem to view me as an unpatriotic “party pooper”, when I’m just a U.S. Marine trying to improve the Corps and save lives. Bottom line IMO the infantry needs to consist of unmarried i.e. undistracted, NO CHILDREN, dedicated true professionals, trained in the tactics listed in Tri-F and many more I am sure exist.

And to those that say “chivalry is for the museums” I say “first we must have peace on earth”.

One Newjarheaddean

“Let no Marines ghost say if my training had only done its job”

" Give me a million dollars and I well change the world"

" When it comes to persecution and suffering that fairly tale about christ dose not have (S) nothing on me"

" I well bet my lucky start"

“IKYG”

G-day!

Update; 12/19/14 09/53 hours




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Tuesday, May 21, 2013

Post # 26, Defense basic rule # 6

AHOY,

Update; 06/12/13 10: 39 hours this was just the title change. 

Fragmented Fighting Facts

Defense

Basic rule # 6

6) Choose and prepare fighting holes:

As with clearing fields of fire (rule # 8) and camouflaging area you must estimate time available not only to complete but remove if situation applies. Buildings with tin roofs make good positions, due to anti fire properties. Avoid older structures, if these must be occupied, extensive efforts are required to reduce the dangers of fire. Fires can double every 30 seconds
Smoke kills three ways, blocking oxygen into system, toxic fumes, lack of oxygen i.e. consuming it in the area.
Use the back of hand in a zig-zag patern when checking for heat behind door etc.
Cover attic and other wooden floors with one inch of sand or dirt. Position buckets of water or sand bags for immediate use. Water basins and bathtubs are filled. All electricity and gas are turned off. Firebreaks are created by destroying buildings adjacent to position. Corners and lower levels of buildings are stronger than elsewhere. Destroyed vehicles make good fighting holes also existing craters caused by enemy or friendly fires. Do not choose isolated trees or bushes.
Snow covered terrain. On the downwind side of every obstacle, house, tree, or bush there is always a hallow, which may provide an excellent observation point or fighting hole. The wind particularly in open areas may form long wavy snow drifts and Snow banks alongside plowed roads too. Either maybe used as an approach to objectives. Snow drifts are less of a problem in forest on hills or slopes. When preparing fighting holes you should team up, into teams of two or three. One for security one or two for working. Time to prepare the defense may be the most critical factor in selection of building or positions. Buildings that require extensive time consuming reinforcements, fire prevention measures or clearing of fields of fire should be avoided. With existing positions continuously improve, Marines constantly preparing fighting position (also areas used during assaults) for fallow on Marines. Add or remove rocks, dirt, sand bags, to fit your height. Fighting holes should be as deep as mans armpits. Estimated average time to dig, two hours. Stockpile extra sand bags in fighting holes as a fire-fighting aid. Sand bags are filled uniformly ¾ full, tie straps placed in bags and facing inward. Alternate placement of bags.
Urban setting any structures on the outside of a building that would assist scaling to gain access to upper floors or to the roof are removed or blocked. Remove glass, leave curtains and hang cloths in exits. Curtains and furniture cushions can reduce noises. Remove handrails and oil the stairs. Put claymores on the roof.
Inter walls removed, blankets hung to look like them. Clear walls for back blast 2 meters square hole. Open door at minimum. Ceiling 2 meters higher than weapon. Barricading or boarding up doors and windows leave many gaps. Avoid barricading only the windows to be used. Making loop holes, neat square or circular shapes avoided. Try to preserve looks of the outside. Have many false ones to conceal real. Should be cone shaped on the inside i.e. increasing size inwardly. Covered on inside with protective linings, such as an empty sandbag or wire mesh for protection from splinters caused by incoming rounds. Brick walls especially splinter when hit by bullets. The bottom should be loosened so grenades can be dropped outside. Covered completely with sandbags when not in use, to prevent the enemy from observing through them or keep enemy form detecting them. Conceal them behind pictures, drapes, furniture and shrubs. Create loop holes in roofs chimneys, mail drops, under door jams, under stairs though steps, though interior walls placed to cover hallways and unoccupied rooms. Loopholes in floors permit the defender to engage enemy on lower floors with small arms and/or to drop grenades. Avoid firing directly through a loophole. Use table or chairs to fire down from loop holes. Ground Floors, All doors not used by defenders are locked, nailed shut, and blocked with furniture or sandbags. Exit doors are booby trapped. Hallways/Stairs not required for the defender's movement are blocked with furniture and tactical wire. Floor level; if there is no basement, fighting holes are dug into the floor for additional protection against heavy direct-fire weapons. Frozen ground well provide better cover against artillery. Wet down floors and blankets in front of crew serve weapons to reduce dust and debris. Prone positions do not always permit sufficient freedom for firing at widely varying angles or at targets above the position. Holes for elbows lower profile. Weapons with top or side feed magazines or belts also reduces profile. Firing stakes one stake at stern/shoulder, or in pistol grip to indicate base. One left and one right to indicate left and right limits. Especially useful at night. SP instead of aiming stakes carry several empty sandbags. These can be filled on the spot (and emptied when it is time to move). Cross fields of view as will as fires. They should intersect at perimeter in the range of 33 yards. Purpose provides mutual support between adjacent units, reduces number of gaps in final protective fires. Perimeter should be convex i.e. curved slightly inward. As enemy approaches sides they come under increasing cross fires. Interlocking machine guns, located at corners to give greater chance to attack enemy’s flanks or stern. Crew served weapons produce the most KIA. The close proximity of others in the crew, which assists with ammo, provide security and the fire power of the weapon, reassures and helps suppress anxiety. Individuals tend to seek cover and not fire. Construct grenade slumps. These are made to absorb explosions of grenades. Floor is angled towards one corner where a hole is located. This has a small entry point only large enough for hand and length of arm to inter and hallow out cavern at base. Or there is the roof style type; floor is slanted from center in two directions like roof, with deep narrow gutter trench, surrounding edge of floor. In MOUT netting, sheets, fencing or chicken wire can be used to give some protection too. Wire screening (chicken wire) is preferable to camouflage netting because it will not burn readily. Camouflage floors with vegetation to conceal from air; do not use twigs or branches. Grenades that fine their way into your fighting hole well not roll into grenade slumps. In MOUT floors can be greased down or ball bearings/marbles used to cover floor, Marines would ware crampons or cleats. Rubbling certain parts of the building provide additional cover and concealment for weapon emplacement.

Positions with flat-roofs require anti-helicopter obstacles. Roofs accessible from adjacent structures are covered with tactical wire and guarded. Entrances to the building from the roof are blocked. Each position should have complete overhead and perimeter protection. Sand bag floors and or table tops over your position. Ceilings are reinforced with supports, all done to withstand the weight of rubble from upper floors. Removing or collapsing roofs, ceilings and floors, provides better protection against indirect fires, if Marines can locate themselves around large hole on upper floor or platforms extending from walls above ground level. Over head cover having (sun roof) for throwing grenades. When Marines expected to remain in area for a while equipment must be covered also with fighting holes in the field, tunnels are dug for protection from indirect fires. With snow structures use sticks for checking thickness of walls. Positions are made to appear flat when observed from ground level, or form air. Cover should blend in with the natural surroundings, vegetation and elevations. Smoothing cover/roofs by packing the snow (must be rounded off) in order to eliminate any sharp features that may produce shadows or reflections.
 Vegetation can be exposed through top of netting or tarps. Surrounding vegetation i.e. living vines are pulled over the emplacement. The halve shelter the black triangle formed by the interior shadow can be seen a long way off, especially from the air. Conceal it by striking the front tent pole or by covering the opening and the outline of your tent with natural materials. Never pitch a shelter tent in daylight unless you are ordered to do so. The flat-top is an answer to the problem of concealing dug-in machine-gun positions. The simple flat-top requires no framework. Corner posts are not driven; they rest on the ground and are held in place by double strands. The whole structure is as low to the ground as possible. It can also be angled towards higher background, to best blend in with back ground. For a deliberate position, especially in terrain with natural foliage, the folding buggy-top conceals the machine gun which has an antiaircraft or all-around fire mission. It can be folded back quickly, allowing the gunners to engage aerial targets. For hinges use cloth or pieces of scrap leather, or stock door hinges. Take care that the vegetation around the position is not compressed by the buggy-top when it is open. Also in a deliberate position, the swinging flat-top (Figure 64) is a slightly more elaborate flat-top for anti-aircraft machine guns. It is a cantilever structure hinged on a post at one corner. It is easily pushed to one side, giving the gun an unobstructed view of the sky.

Image edited

Advantages of snow, protection from wind for engines when snow walls are built. Easy to dig trenches for communications. Trenches each Marine assigned a certain number of feet to prepare. As a rule observe odd numbers. Trenches covered with branches just before fresh snow fall to camouflage. Layer of branches, leafs placed under first layer of logs around fighting hole, to keep water from leaking in. Pykrete: Ice and sawdust mixture much stronger and melts much slower than regular ice. It is bullet resistant. And will actually float. There is also Ice create, water mixed with dirt, sand, gravel/rocks can be poured into wood forms and tamped, as it is poured. It is darker than ice or snow absorbs more heat. And therefore will melt quicker. You can cover it with snow, this well also reduce ricochets and provide camouflage. It will need repairs after fired upon. Encasement walls hollow interior filled with sand to absorb shock from battering rams. Also would have impeded entry by troops, sand harder to remove than bricks. Ground held to gather by roots of vegetation grass etc cut into bricks. Salient prominent conspicuous jutting walls curved around entrances, gates etc. Wide latus apparatus principle to block entrances also Claviculae (little hooks). Fighting holes constructed facing backwards, meaning in direction enemy will be traveling. So he walks right over into ambush. When position complete always view from foes view point. Penetration table: They had prepared boxes, containing wood, brick, earth and sand. From 100 yards, only the sand stopped it. On average bullets well pass through 13’ of newly fallen snow. If firmly frozen 8-10’, packed 6’, ice 3’, Pykrete or ice create 1½’. 18 inch thick walls of Afghan homes said to widthstand m-16s. Altitude higher oxygen less, ice becomes harder/concrete too. Body armor weight 9 oz per square inch, will stop 25, 22, and 38 caliber. 20oz for 9mm and 44 magnums. M-16A1 and A2 both weapons perform the same at 50m or less. The closer the range less penetration. At ranges of 25 m or less pent. greatly reduced. Round still yawing, angled at impact. Well ricochet or break up. At less than 50 m. 5.56 stopped by 18”-24” layer of books, one thickness of sandbags, 2” concrete, and 55 gallon drum filled with water or sand. Car door /body will inter may not exit. Over all at 45 degree angle ricochet percentage increases greatly. Rounds can ricochet on glass at a 45 degree angle. M16A1 maximum penetration is at 200 m. Pent. 120 mm. also 14 acrylic glass plates 1” thick each. 5.56 mm pent two plates/2”, 7.62 four plates and kinetic energy knocked all other plates down. Kevlar first developed 1970s for tires. Protection approval ratting, 2” diameter 44 cu mm max trauma/damage allowed. #5 boron carbine hardest ceramic mat known. Dragon skin ceramic desk material MFG company pinnacle armor in California.
SP 1/2000; troops are currently provided with the 20-year-old flak jackets which can stop shrapnel (not bullets). Added plates can stop 5.56mm bullets, but increase the weight to 25 pounds. The Interceptor jackets weigh less (only 16 pounds including their ceramic plates). They can stop shrapnel or 9mm bullets; the added ceramic plates can stop 7.62mm rounds.
M-16 well not pent. 8” of pine, at 28 yards the AK – 47 well.

SP Oct 2000; USMC MACHINE GUN TACTICS; "talking guns" tactic, two machine guns work in tandem. Each fires a short burst, then waits to hear the other before firing again. The doctrinal rate of fire is a burst of 6-8 rounds followed by a pause of 6-8 seconds. This ensures the bursts are six-eight seconds apart. As a practical matter, if friendly troops are not exposed while advancing on the target, a pause of 10-12 seconds will be adequate to keep the enemy pinned down. This doesn't really help when the guns are firing on different targets, although it does help each gun maintain its timing. It would be better to train each gun crew to count its own intervals as it is difficult in combat to hear clearly what the other gun crew is doing. There is also a tendency of one gun to increase its rate of fire when the second is reloading. One trick is for one gun to start with a 100-round belt and the other with 200 rounds. After firing the initial belt, each gun uses 200-round belts. This staggers reloading cycles. Doctrine calls for the gunner's left hand to remain on the elevating wheel of the traversing & elevation mechanism. This allows the gunner to adjust the fall of his rounds as needed or as directed by the team leader. Without intense training, however, the gunner has a tendency to move his hand back to the gun after each adjustment. This makes the weapon less stable and harder to adjust quickly. Training technique; tape a laser pointer to a cleaning rod. Insert this into the barrel of the weapon when dry firing inside a dimly-lit armory the team leader can track the abilities of the gunner to aim and adjust his weapon. The training of gun teams (on a static firing range) tends to make them think they are fighting alone rather than as a part of a platoon. Troops must be trained to maintain situational awareness. During training maneuvers, the team leader should periodically ask the team what else is going on around them to encourage them to note the broader picture. When two machine guns are working together the junior gun crew should be deployed farther forward than the senior crew. This will allow the senior team leader to keep an eye on the other gun and coordinate barrel changes and reloading. It could be hoped that at least 60% of operations are offensive in nature, but 95% of machine gun training is in defensive tactics and engagements. Gun crews should be trained in how to select and occupy a firing position while remaining under cover. Gun crews should carry empty sandbags to help them set up interim firing positions during an advance. If they have access to a vehicle, they should have filled bags on the floor to use and get the gun into action faster. Medium machine guns (M60 or M240) are not the same as heavy machine guns or Mark-19 grenade launchers. Gunners moved from one system to the other require formal retraining in order to establish the mindset. Medium guns use high rates of fire to suppress positions or break up attacks. Heavy machine guns are best for attacking vehicles or bunkers. Mark-19s are best when used to engage light armor, heavy bunkers, or troops in defilade. Mark-19 grenade launcher crews need to remember that they are one of the few weapons capable of engaging enemy forces behind cover or in defilade If Mark-19 rounds are striking a target which other weapons could engage and take out, something is wrong. Mark-19 ammunition is bulky and should not be used when other weapons can do the same job. The 40mm grenades will penetrate two inches of steel armor while .50-cal machine gun rounds will penetrate only one inch, so if the target is lightly armored, the .50 - cal may be the best weapon for the job. 

Sp Firing tables at altitude are inaccurate and need to be redone.
Artillery ammunition storage and handling is very important in a dry, hot environment.
Very hot ammunition will affect the ballistic solution, which will cause the round to impact long or short of its intended target.
Digging in storage positions for ammunition will keep it cooler.

(Reference, Def. rule # 8 and COE, Armor, “The factors of cover”)


This concludes this post Defense, basic rule # 6


" Give me a million dollars and I well change the world"

" When it comes to persecution and suffering that fairly tale about christ dose not have (S) nothing on me"

" I well bet my lucky start" IKYG

G-day!

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